off-by-one error n. Exceedingly common error induced in many   ways, such as by starting at 0 when you should have started at 1 or
   vice-versa, or by writing `< N' instead of `<= N' or
   vice-versa.  Also applied to giving something to the person next to
   the one who should have gotten it.  Often confounded with
   fencepost error, which is properly a particular subtype of it.